Toes

An ingrown toe nail is best described as a foreign body reaction with mild infection. The toe nail grows into the skin and acts as a foreign body. The adjacent skin reacts to the nail as... (read more)

The term hammer toe describes three unique contracture deformities of the toes. The deformities differ by the location of contracture in each joint of the toe. The three deformities include hammer toe,... (read more)

Hallux rigidus is the term used to describe end-stage limited range of motion of the great toe joint. Hallux rigidus is the final stage (stage 4) of hallux limitus. Hallux limitus is a progressive degenerative... (read more)

Hallux limitus describes a condition where the hallux (great toe) is limited in its range of motion at the metatarsal phalangeal joint. This limited range of motion results in pain of the 1st metatarsal... (read more)

Fungus toe nail is also known as onychomycosis. Please follow the link to onychomycosis for more information on fungus toe nail. Internal reference only: ZoneD8, ZoneD9, ZoneL11, ZoneM9, ZoneM10 (read more)

Frostbite is a cold weather injury that freezes the water in the cells of skin and deep tissues. As the water in a cell freezes, the structures within the cell become dehydrated. As a result, the cell... (read more)

Friction between the foot and the floor is important in walking and running. Friction allows us to stand in place without slipping and to push off during the normal gait cycle. Each step we take results... (read more)

A claw toe is one of a number of different types of digital deformities of the foot collectively known as hammer toes. A claw toe can affect one toe individually or all of the toes concurrently. Claw toes can... (read more)

The formation of callus is a protective mechanism used by the skin to respond to external mechanical irritation. All skin is capable of forming callus. The most common locations for callus on the foot... (read more)

The term bunion describes a bump of bone at the great toe joint that is the result of a poorly-aligned metatarsal bone and great toe. Poor alignment results in a prominence of bone at the great... (read more)

A broken toe can happen to any of the toes, but a broken 5th toe is by far the most common. The terms broken toe and fractured toe are used synonymously. Fractures of the lesser toes usually occur in... (read more)

Athlete's foot is the layman's term used to describe two different fungal infections of the foot collectively known as tinea pedis. Acute and chronic athlete's foot are caused by two different... (read more)