Knowledgebase

Warts (verrucae) are caused by a virus called the human papillomavirus (1). The numerous strains of papillomaviruses that cause the common wart are transferred by physical contact and enter the skin at... (read more)

Stasis dermatitis (also called venous stasis dermatitis) is an inflammatory reaction of the skin of the lower leg caused by static (slow or delayed) venous flow of the leg. Stasis dermatitis is common... (read more)

Varicose veins are very common, with estimates ranging as high as 15 to 20% of the general population. Varicose veins are more common in women. In patients over the age of 50 years, varicose veins are... (read more)

Turf toe is a hyper-extension or impaction injury of the great toe joint that injures the joint cartilage and soft tissue structures supporting the great toe joint. Turf toe is most often described as... (read more)

Tumors of the foot are classified as benign or malignant. There are a number of benign tumors specific to the foot that affect the skin, soft tissue. and bone. Primary malignant tumors of the foot represent less... (read more)

Trench foot is the term used to describe injuries of the foot due to water and cold exposure at sustained temperatures ranging from 32-65 degrees Fahrenheit. Trench foot differs from frostbite in that... (read more)

Trimming toenails can be performed in a number of ways that include straight across or deep down into the corners. Most important is the need to effectively trim the entire nail, not leaving any of the remaining... (read more)

The most common injury to the nail is a bruise beneath the nail called a subungual hematoma. The bruise (hematoma) forms beneath the nail (subungual) when the nail is compressed or avulsed (pulled away)... (read more)

Toe nail fungus is a fungal infection of the nail that results in thickening and yellow discoloration of the nail. For more information on this topic, please view our article on onychomycosis.... (read more)

Toe box dermatitis is a form of dermatitis common in children, caused by extreme temperature and moisture found within the toe box of the shoe. Toe box dermatitis is primarily caused by the rubber, non-breathable... (read more)

Tarsal tunnel syndrome (TTS) refers to an entrapment of the posterior tibial nerve as it descends from the leg passing through the medial ankle to the foot. This condition was first described by... (read more)

A tarsal coalition is a bridge of soft tissue present at birth that changes to bone in the late adolescence foot. As the tarsal coalition progresses from a fibrous coalition to a boney coalition it produces... (read more)